“Massively parallel” computers that use thousands of powerful microprocessors can now closely simulate the architecture of the human brain, for example. We know it’s going to come.”Īs always, AI believers can point to near-miracles of contemporary computer technology to support their optimism. “I would say there’s been disillusionment overall,” says David Stork, editor of “Hal’s Legacy,” an anthology of AI articles published last month. A breakaway branch of AI called artificial life even posits that the Internet can serve as a breeding ground for intelligence that will arise via Darwinian evolution.Īnd some still believe “gofai” (good old-fashioned AI), with its focus on logic and representation, just needed time to develop and is on the cusp of important breakthroughs.
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Others say metal men are passe, and favor creating “intelligent” software that adapts and evolves in the nether world of cyberspace.
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He is constructing humanoid robots that can bump into walls and learn from their environment-and predicts a real-life version of Star Trek’s android Cmdr. As the Champaign-Urbana stamp club prepares to honor Hal’s birth with a commemorative envelope and celebrations of the thinking computer are planned at the University of Illinois and elsewhere, AI visions, shaped by past mistakes and future technologies, are taking on new forms.īrooks, a leader in one strand of the new AI, believes the effort to build computer brains with no bodies was the fatal error. Still, the quest to sire synthetic consciousness has by no means been abandoned. You didn’t say things in polite society anymore about building robots with human-level intelligence.” “The big dream of creating a Hal failed,” says Rodney Brooks of MIT’s Artificial Intelligence Lab. AI companies, buoyed by cash injections from Wall Street in the early 1980s, quickly crashed and burned when their technology proved too “brittle” to function in the real world.Īnd the one scientist still trying to develop a Hal-like entity is considered an eccentric by many of his colleagues-even as they privately cheer him on.Įven AI’s greatest triumph of recent years, last summer’s victory by IBM’s “Deep Blue” computer over world chess champion Gary Kasparov, was the result of “brute force” number-crunching, its creators admit, not independent thought. The smartest computers to date can’t tell the difference between a cat and a dog, much less carry on a conversation. With its meticulous attention to scientific detail, “2001" suggested that such a cybernetic companion might join us in the lonely state of the self-aware by, say, this Sunday.
And he was the future, in Cinerama splendor, preparing us for what awaited. Still, Hal’s psychotic reaction to his programming, which required him to lie to the crew about the true purpose of their mission, made him in some way more human than the wooden astronauts manning Discovery. Clarke’s novel, which served as the blueprint for Stanley Kubrick’s epic 1968 film, heightened anxieties about technology run amok.
Intelligent enough to run a spaceship and converse on any topic, Hal was the perfect companion, “foolproof and incapable of error.” Then he murdered four of his crew mates.Īrthur C. Hal: I’m sorry, Dave, I’m afraid I can’t do that.įor nearly three decades, science fiction’s most famous thinking machine has seduced us with the double-edged promise of silicon sentience. It goes like this: ‘Daisy, Daisy, give me your answer do. I became operational at the HAL Plant in Urbana, Ill., on Jan.
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